Review of Scientific Instruments, 1998, V 69, N 8, August.

 Electrical resistance standards and the
 quantum Hall effect
 Thomas J. Witt
 pp. 2823-2843


  ARTICLES


OPTICS; ATOMS and MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY

  Bragg–Fresnel optics for hard x-ray
 microscopy: Development of fabrication process and x-ray
 characterization at the Advanced Photon Source
 Youli Li, Gerard C. L. Wong, Cyrus R. Safinya, Ernie Caine, Evelyn L.
 Hu, Dean Haeffner, Patricia Fernandez, Wenbing Yun
 pp. 2844-2848

  In situ calibration of a flat-field
 grazing incidence spectrograph with an x-ray charge-coupled device
 camera using a transmission grating and a laser-produced plasma for
 x-ray laser research
 C. Fujikawa, N. Yamaguchi, T. Hara, T. Kawachi, H. Oyama, K. Ando, 
 Y. Aoyagi
 pp. 2849-2853

  A white-light Michelson interferometer in
 the visible and near infrared regions
 Takao Fuji, Mariko Arakawa, Toshiaki Hattori, Hiroki Nakatsuka
 pp. 2854-2858

  Imaging spectrometer based on an
 acousto-optic tunable filter
 J. Romier, J. Selves, J. Gastellu-Etchegorry
 pp. 2859-2867

  A simple technique for investigating
 whispering gallery modes in optical fibers
 Y. Powell-Friend, L. Phillips, T. George, A. Sharma
 pp. 2868-2870

  Measurement system for optical Kerr effect
 induced by continuous wave laser
 Yutaka Oki, Naoto Sakamoto, Keiji Sakai, Kenshiro Takagi
 pp. 2871-2874

  Advances in the transient dc photocurrent
 technique for excited state dipole moment measurements
 Sergei N. Smirnov, Charles L. Braun
 pp. 2875-2887

  A peristaltic injection nozzle for
 collinear laser and molecular beams
 Kushlani Dharmasena, Jennifer Jefferies, Guangwei Mu, Joel Young,
 Barry Bergeron, Robert Littell, Neil Shafer-Ray
 pp. 2888-2891

CHARGED PARTICLE SOURCES, OPTICS and ACCELERATION

  Experimental methods in radioactive
 ion-beam target/ion source development and characterizationa)
 R. F. Welton, G. D. Alton, B. Cui, S. N. Murray
 pp. 2892-2897

  Saturation of multiplication mechanism in
 silicon avalanche photodiodes used for single electron detection
 Nobuyuki Osakabe, Junji Endo, Akira Tonomura, Tsuneyuki Urakami,
 Shinji Ohsuka, Hiroshi Tsuchiya, Yutaka Tsuchiya, Tetsuji Kodama
 pp. 2898-2901

  The dynamic properties of the preset count
 digital rate meter algorithms
 V. Dj. Arandjelovi[(c, acute)], A. M. Koturovi[(c, acute)], R. B.
 Vukanovi[(c, acute)]
 pp. 2902-2908

  A new method of finding the pole profile
 in quadrupole magnets for obtaining high field quality
 P. R. Sarma, R. K. Bhandari
 pp. 2909-2911

BASIC PHENOMENA

  Gas-coupled laser acoustic detection at
 ultrasonic and audio frequencies
 James N. Caron, Yuqiao Yang, James B. Mehl, Karl V. Steiner
 pp. 2912-2917

  Measurements of the thermodynamic equation
 of state via the pressure dependence of thermophysical properties of
 air by a thermal-wave resonant cavity
 Guang Pan, Andreas Mandelis
 pp. 2918-2923

  Characterization of erbium-doped intrinsic
 optical fiber sensor probes at high temperatures
 Z. Y. Zhang, K. T. V. Grattan, A. W. Palmer, B. T. Meggitt, T. Sun
 pp. 2924-2929

  Determination of local high temperature
 excursion in an intrinsic doped fiber fluorescence-based sensor
 T. Sun, Z. Y. Zhang, K. T. V. Grattan, A. W. Palmer
 pp. 2930-2934

  Optimal operating conditions of the
 impulse diode thermometer
 P. S. Iskrenovi[(c, acute)], M. Z. Arsi[(c, acute)]
 pp. 2935-2938

  Design and validation of guarded hot plate
 instruments for measuring heat flow between evacuated plane-parallel
 glass surfaces
 C. J. Dey, T. M. Simko, R. E. Collins, Q.-C. Zhang
 pp. 2939-2947

  Vapor volume fraction, flow regime, and
 vapor velocity inference using fluid conductivity measurements
 Khaled Meftah, Arthur E. Ruggles
 pp. 2948-2955

MICROSCOPY and IMAGING

  A confocal fiber-coupled single-lens theta
 microscope
 Jim Swoger, Steffen Lindek, Thomas Stefany, Frank-Martin Haar, Ernst
 H. K. Stelzer
 pp. 2956-2963

  A scanning transmission x-ray microscope
 for materials science spectromicroscopy at the advanced light source
 T. Warwick, K. Franck, J. B. Kortright, G. Meigs, M. Moronne, S.
 Myneni, E. Rotenberg, S. Seal, W. F. Steele, H. Ade, A. Garcia, S.
 Cerasari, J. Denlinger, S. Hayakawa, A. P. Hitchcock et al.
 pp. 2964-2973

  Description of an x-ray microscope with 30
 nm resolution
 Robin Medenwaldt, Erik Uggerhøj
 pp. 2974-2977

  Numerical removal of ring artifacts in
 microtomography
 Carsten Raven
 pp. 2978-2980

  Scanning probe optical microscopy of
 evanescent fields
 R. S. Taylor, K. E. Leopold, M. Wendman, G. Gurley, V. Elings
 pp. 2981-2987

  Etched chalcogenide fibers for near-field
 infrared scanning microscopy
 M. A. Unger, D. A. Kossakovski, R. Kongovi, J. L. Beauchamp, J. D.
 Baldeschwieler, D. V. Palanker
 pp. 2988-2993

  A hydrothermal atomic force microscope for
 imaging in aqueous solution up to 150 °Ca)
 Steven R. Higgins, Carrick M. Eggleston, Kevin G. Knauss, Carl O. Boro
 pp. 2994-2998

CONDENSED MATTER; MATERIALS

  Mechanical modulated waveguide
 spectroscopy
 A. Fahrwald, H. Skupin, Th. M. Fischer, F. Kremer
 pp. 2999-3001

  Design of solid/liquid–liquid/solid
 trilayer systems for the measurement of diffusion coefficients in
 liquid metals
 J. H. Zhao, R. P. Liu, M. Zhang, Z. H. Zhou, X. Y. Zhang, L. M. Cao,
 D. Y. Dai, Y. F. Xu, W. K. Wang
 pp. 3002-3005

  A simple single crystal sample temperature
 controller based on commercial components for ultrahigh vacuum surface
 science application
 St. J. Dixon-Warren, N. Burson, V. Bondzie, L. Zhang, Y. Yu, L. Lucchesi
 pp. 3006-3008

  Instrument for high resolution
 magnetization measurements at high pressures, high magnetic fields and
 low temperatures
 K. Koyama, S. Hane, K. Kamishima, T. Goto
 pp. 3009-3014

  An integrated Couette system for in situ
 shearing of polymer and surfactant solutions and gels with
 simultaneous small angle x-ray scattering
 J. A. Pople, I. W. Hamley, G. P. Diakun
 pp. 3015-3021

  A ``shunt'' Fabry–Perot resonator for
 high-frequency electron spin resonance utilizing a variable coupling
 scheme
 Jeff P. Barnes, Jack H. Freed
 pp. 3022-3027

  A reactive laser ablation source for the
 production of thin films
 Eric F. Rexer, Mukesh P. Joshi, Robert L. DeLeon, Paras N. Prasad,
 James F. Garvey
 pp. 3028-3030

CHEMISTRY

  New method for measuring the differential
 capacity in electrochemistry
 J. Lecoeur, C. Koehler, J. P. Bellier
 pp. 3031-3035

  A pressurized drop-tube furnace for coal
 reactivity studies
 Shan Ouyang, Hasina Yeasmin, Joseph Mathews
 pp. 3036-3041

BIOLOGY and MEDICINE

  Sources of phase noise in homodyne and
 heterodyne phase modulation devices used for tissue oximetry studies
 N. Ramanujam, C. Du, H. Y. Ma, B. Chance
 pp. 3042-3054

GRAVITY; GEOPHYSICS; ASTRONOMY and ASTROPHYSICS

  Aspects of the suspension system for GEO
 600
 M. V. Plissi, K. A. Strain, C. I. Torrie, N. A. Robertson, S.
 Killbourn, S. Rowan, S. M. Twyford, H. Ward, K. D. Skeldon, J. Hough
 pp. 3055-3061

  A timing discriminator for space flight
 applications
 Michael Lampton
 pp. 3062-3065

ELECTRONICS; ELECTROMAGNETIC TECHNOLOGY; MICROWAVES

  High voltage fast ramp pulse generation
 using avalanche transistor
 Liu Jinyuan, Shan Bing, Chang Zenghu
 pp. 3066-3067

  High resolution optical shaft encoder for
 motor speed control based on an optical disk pick-up
 Wei-Hung Yeh, Warren Bletscher, M. Mansuripur
 pp. 3068-3071

  A new instrument for collecting dynamic
 data of rotors
 Li Jianfeng, Wang Xiaochen, Zhu Chuanmin, Tian Zhiren
 pp. 3072-3076


   NOTES


  A device for recharging evaporation
 sources in ultrahigh vacuum systems
 V. M. Fuenzalida, C. R. Grahmann, C. Herrera
 pp. 3077-3078

  Transient one-dimensional heat flow
 technique applied to porous reactive medium
 Jong Hun Han, Kil Won Cho, Kun- Hong Lee, Hwayong Kim
 pp. 3079-3080

  Comparison of the charge state
 distributions of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources working in
 high B mode at different frequencies
 S. Gammino, G. Ciavola
 pp. 3081-3082