Review of Scientific Instruments, 2000, V 71, N 2, February.


ARTICLES

OPTICS; ATOMS and MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY
A novel method to characterize photorefractive damage in quasiphase-matched wavelength converters C. Q. Xu, H. Okayama, and Y. Ogawa pp. 335-337 Lossless beam combiners for nearly equal laser frequencies D. Haubrich, M. Dornseifer, and R. Wynands pp. 338-340 Laser frequency stabilization using linear magneto-optics Valeriy V. Yashchuk, Dmitry Budker, and John R. Davis pp. 341-346 A laser-locked cavity ring-down spectrometer employing an analog detection scheme T. G. Spence, C. C. Harb, B. A. Paldus, R. N. Zare, B. Willke, and R. L. Byer pp. 347-353 Time-correlated photon counting technique robust against multiple photon events using a multianode photomultiplier tube Shinji Ohsuka, Akira Ohsugi, and Hisayoshi Takamoto pp. 354-360 Data acquisition card for fluctuation correlation spectroscopy allowing full access to the detected photon sequence John S. Eid, Joachim D. Müller, and Enrico Gratton pp. 361-368
CHARGED PARTICLE SOURCES, OPTICS and ACCELERATION
Toward the experimental observation of nonlinear effects in laser-electron beam scattering Koji Matsukado, Ichita Endo, Tohru Takahashi, and Toshiaki Tauchi pp. 369-375 Pulsed magnetic quadrupole lenses for high rigidity beams G. Li, U. Czok, A. Kalimov, M. Winkler, and H. Wollnik pp. 376-379 Production of radioactive ion beams using the in-flight technique B. Harss, R. C. Pardo, K. E. Rehm, F. Borasi, J. P. Greene, R. V. F.Janssens, C. L. Jiang, J. Nolen, M. Paul, J. P. Schiffer, R. E. Segel, J. Specht, T. F. Wang, P. Wilt, and B. Zabransky pp. 380-387 High current, low pressure plasma cathode electron gun Dan M. Goebel and Ron M. Watkins pp. 388-398
NUCLEAR PHYSICS, FUSION and PLASMAS
Pneumatic repetitive injector with a porous pellet generator for steady-state plasma fueling I. Viniar and S. Sudo pp. 399-402 Effect of harmonic rf fields on the emissive probe characteristics T. Lho, N. Hershkowitz, and G-H. Kim pp. 403-405
BASIC PHENOMENA
Spatio-temporal measurements of Trichel corona discharge using capacitive probe diagnostic Deepak K. Gupta, H. Ramachandran, and P. I. John pp. 406-412 Comparison between the discharge development in the two- and three-electrode spark gap switches Hossein Golnabi pp. 413-419
MICROSCOPY and IMAGING
Servomechanism for locking scanning tunneling microscope tip over surface nanostructures K. J. Ito, Y. Uehara, S. Ushioda, and K. Ito pp. 420-423 A low-temperature ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope with a split-coil magnet and a rotary motion stepper motor for high spatial resolution studies of surface magnetism O. Pietzsch, A. Kubetzka, D. Haude, M. Bode, and R. Wiesendanger pp. 424-430 Variable temperature fluid stage for atomic force microscopy R. K. Workman and S. Manne pp. 431-436 Dynamics of a piezoelectric tuning fork/optical fiber assembly in a near-field scanning optical microscope Konstantin B. Shelimov, Dmitri N. Davydov, and Martin Moskovits pp. 437-443 Real time imaging of two-dimensional charge on dielectric surfaces R. Budakian and S. J. Putterman pp. 444-449
CONDENSED MATTER; MATERIALS
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer with a frequency range extended below the megahertz region R. Sitnikov, I. Furó, U. Henriksson, and F. Tóth pp. 450-457 An efficient 8 T extraction vector magnetometer with sample rotation for routine operation D. Dufeu, E. Eyraud, and P. Lethuillier pp. 458-461 Density-of-states effective mass and scattering parameter measurements by transport phenomena in thin films D. L. Young, T. J. Coutts, and V. I. Kaydanov pp. 462-466 Electron cyclotron resonance plasma source for ion assisted deposition of thin films K. Deenamma Vargheese and G. Mohan Rao pp. 467-472 Measurement of the complex dielectric constant down to helium temperatures. I. Reflection method from 1 MHz to 20 GHz using an open ended coaxial line H. C. F. Martens, J. A. Reedijk, and H. B. Brom pp. 473-477 Measurement of the complex dielectric constant down to helium temperatures. II. Quasioptical technique from 0.03 to 1 THz J. A. Reedijk, H. C. F. Martens, B. J. G. Smits, and H. B. Brom pp. 478-481 Thermal scanning alternating current susceptometry with multiple pick-up coils for ranging local phenomena in high Tc superconductors R. Laiho, E. Lähderanta, and A. C. Bódi pp. 482-485 Development and evaluation of an electrically detected magnetic resonance spectrometer operating at 900 MHz Toshiyuki Sato, Hidekatsu Yokoyama, Hiroaki Ohya, and Hitoshi Kamada pp. 486-493 A technique for preparing submicrometer-size liquid film: Development of a new type of optical cell Yoshifumi Sakaguchi and Kozaburo Tamura pp. 494-498 Metallic work function measurement in the range 2-3.3 eV using a blue light-emitting diode source Reto Schletti, Peter Wurz, and Theo Fröhlich pp. 499-503 A compact ultrahigh-vacuum system for the in situ investigation of III/V semiconductor surfaces Peter Geng, Juan Márquez, Lutz Geelhaar, Jutta Platen, Carsten Setzer, and Karl Jacobi pp. 504-508
CHEMISTRY
The National Institute of Standards and Technology glow discharge resonance ionization mass spectrometry system L. Pibida, J. M. R. Hutchinson, Jesse Wen, and L. Karam pp. 509-515 Electrochemical cell system for voltammetry of high purity solvents Michael A. May, Vijay K. Gupta, and Karen Hounsokou pp. 516-518 Continuous heatable Langmuir probe for flowing afterglow measurements Sylvain Laubé, Toufik Mostefaoui, and Bertrand Rowe pp. 519-521
BIOLOGY and MEDICINE
Phase-sensitive multichannel detection system for chemical and biosensor arrays and fluorescence lifetime-based imaging Emmanuil Rabinovich, Michael J. O'Brien, Steven R. J. Brueck, and Gabriel P. Lopez pp. 522-529 Inflatable belt for the application of electrode arrays R. J. Sadleir, R. A. Fox, and V. F. Turner pp. 530-535
GRAVITY; GEOPHYSICS; ASTRONOMY and ASTROPHYSICS
Laser time-of-flight mass spectrometry for space W. B. Brinckerhoff, G. G. Managadze, R. W. McEntire, A. F. Cheng, and W. J. Green pp. 536-545 Long-path monitoring of atmospheric aerosol extinction with an automated laser positioning system Wahyu Widada, Hiroaki Kuze, Yanqun Xue, Kazuhito Maeda, and Nobuo Takeuchi pp. 546-550
ELECTRONICS; ELECTROMAGNETIC TECHNOLOGY; MICROWAVES
Extraction of radio frequency from electromagnetic surface waves guided by metallic strips M. Friedman pp. 551-553 Compact THz-radiation source consisting of a bulk semiconductor, a mode-locked fiber laser, and a 2 T permanent magnet Shingo Ono, Takeyo Tsukamoto, Masahiro Sakai, Zhenlin Liu, Hideyuki Ohtake, Nobuhiko Sarukura, Seizi Nishizawa, Akio Nakanishi, and Makoto Yoshida pp. 554-556 Very low frequency quadrature oscillator J. Bayard pp. 557-562 High voltage multichannel wave form generator for liquid crystal research T. Matuszczyk and R. Beccherelli pp. 563-566 Eddy current testing probe with dual half-cylindrical coils Byung-Hoon Bae, Jung-Mi Choi, and Soo-Yong Kim pp. 567-570 Two-dimensional finite element model for a long rectangular eddy current surface coil Andrei Ptchelintsev and Benoit de Halleux pp. 571-576
NOTES

Comparison of dc and ac excitation of a sealed CO2 laser Dong-Hoon Lee, Hyun-Ju Chung, and Hee-Je Kim pp. 577-578 Pulse stretching due to partial temporal overlap of two modes in a TEA CO2 laser J. Padma Nilaya and Dhruba J. Biswas pp. 579-580 Versatile sample viewing system with large magnification range K. D. Ocker, N. Thonnard, and C. F. Joyner pp. 581-582 Contact-free determination of ultralow resistances of micron-sized wires T. Rossmy, S. Skwirblies, and J. Kötzler pp. 583-584 A W-InSb point contact diode for harmonic generation and mixing in the visible A. Moretti, E. Maccioni, and M. Nannizzi pp. 585-586 Measuring the Hall weighting function for square and cloverleaf geometries Julia K. Scherschligt and Daniel W. Koon pp. 587-588 A simple technique for height calibration for z piezo with Angstrom resolution of scanning probe microscopes S. Pal and S. Banerjee pp. 589-590 A practical all-metal flange-seal for high and low temperatures R. Moreh and Y. Finkelstein pp. 591-592
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ION SOURCES

PLENARY SESSION
Heavy-ion sources: The Star, or the Cinderella, of the ion-implantation firmament? (invited) Harry Freeman pp. 603-611
ECR ION SOURCES (I)

The electron cyclotron resonance (1 + n+) systems and the ISOL radioactive beam facilities (invited) R. Geller pp. 612-616 Electron cyclotron resonance charge breeder (invited) P. Sortais, J. F. Bruandet, J. L. Bouly, N. Chauvin, J. C. Curdy, R.Geller, T. Lamy, P. Sole, and J. L. Vieux-Rochaz pp. 617-622 Role of low charge state ions in electron cyclotron resonance ion source plasmas A. G. Drentje, A. Girard, D. Hitz, and G. Melin pp. 623-626
ECR ION SOURCES (II)

The interaction of slow highly charged ions on surfaces (invited) J.-P. Briand, G. Giardino, G. Borsoni, V. Le Roux, N. Béchu, S.Dreuil, O. Tüske, and G. Machicoane pp. 627-630 The contribution of the INFN-LNS to the development of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (invited) S. Gammino and G. Ciavola pp. 631-636 Recent performance of Japanese electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (invited) T. Nakagawa and Y. Yano pp. 637-642 Design of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source for the isotope separator and accelerator at TRIUMF D. Yuan, K. Jayamanna, M. Dombsky, D. Louie, S. Kadantsev, R. Keitel, T. Kuo, M. McDonald, M. Olivo, and P. Schmor pp. 643-645 Development of ECR ion sources in China (invited) H. W. Zhao, B. W. Wei, Z. W. Liu, Y. F. Wang, and W. J. Zhao pp. 646-650
POSTER SESSION A

FUNDAMENTAL PHENOMENA FOR ION SOURCES
Investigation of different oven types for sample evaporation in the CAPRICE electron cyclotron resonance ion source R. Lang, J. Bossler, H. Schulte, and K. Tinschert pp. 651-653 Selective minority-ion heating in the afterglow of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source A. Nadzeyka, D. Meyer, F. Barzangy, A. G. Drentje, and K. Wiesemann pp. 654-656 Enhanced production of multi-charged ions using pulse-modulated microwave in a 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance source Yushi Kato, Shigeki Kobayashi, and Shigeyuki Ishii pp. 657-659 Influence of plasma-wall interaction on high charge state production in electron cyclotron resonance ion sources D. Meyer, H. Schmitz, Th. Daube, C. Mannel, and K. Wiesemann pp. 660-662 Ionization equilibria and efficiency for electron cyclotron resonance ion sources M. Cavenago pp. 663-665 A one-dimensional axial electron cyclotron resonance source model D. H. Edgell, J. S. Kim, S. K. Wong, R. C. Pardo, and R. Vondrasek pp. 666-668 Formation of multi-charged ions and plasma stability at quasigasdynamic plasma confinement in a mirror magnetic trap S. V. Golubev, S. V. Razin, V. E. Semenov, A. N. Smirnov, A. V. Vodopyanov, and V. G. Zorin pp. 669-671 On the use of magnetic buckets for ion beam profile tailoring R. A. MacGill, A. Vizir, and I. G. Brown pp. 672-674 An investigation into the mechanism of pseudospark producing metal ion beams C. G. Cai, W. J. Zhao, S. Yan, X. Y. Le, B. X. Han, J. M. Xue, Y. G. Wang, and X. L. Jiang pp. 675-677 Approximation of the plasma inhomogeneity by broad-beam measurements and simulation M. Tartz, E. Hartmann, R. Deltschew, and H. Neumann pp. 678-680
NOVEL ION SOURCES

Characteristics of the beam line at the Tokyo electron beam ion trap Hiroshi Shimizu, Frederick J. Currell, Shunsuke Ohtani, Emma J. Sokell, Chikashi Yamada, Takato Hirayama, and Makoto Sakurai pp. 681-683 Injection of various metallic elements into an electron beam ion trap: Techniques needed for systematic investigations of isoelectronic sequences Nobuyuki Nakamura, Tohru Kinugawa, Hiroshi Shimizu, Hirofumi Watanabe, Satoshi Ito, Shunsuke Ohtani, Chikashi Yamada, Kiyohiko Okazaki, Makoto Sakurai, Michael R. Tarbutt, and Joshua D. Silver pp. 684-686 High energy operation of the Tokyo-electron beam ion trap/present status Hideharu Kuramoto, Hiroshi Shimizu, Nobuyuki Nakamura, Fredric J.Currell, Daiji Kato, Tohru Kinugawa, Xiao M. Tong, Hirofumi Watanabe, Tsunemitsu Fukami, Yueming Li, Shunsuke Ohtani, Emma J. Sokell, Chikashi Yamada, Takato Hirayama, Kenji Motohashi et al. pp. 687-689 Highly charged ions produced in a warm electron beam ion trap V. P. Ovsyannikov, G. Zschornack, F. Grossmann, S. Landgraf, F.Ullmann, and T. Werner pp. 690-692 H- ion source using a localized virtual magnetic filter in the plasma electrode: Type-I localized virtual magnetic filter Y. Oka, O. Kaneko, K. Tsumori, Y. Takeiri, M. Osakabe, T. Kawamoto, E.Asano, and R. Akiyama pp. 693-695 A new scheme of direct beam chopping in a negative hydrogen ion source K. Shinto, A. Takagi, K. Ikegami, and Y. Mori pp. 696-697 Axial ion charge state distribution in the vacuum arc plasma jet M. Keidar, I. G. Brown, and I. I. Beilis pp. 698-700 Enhanced ion charge states in vacuum arc plasmas using a "current spike" method A. S. Bugaev, E. M. Oks, G. Yu. Yushkov, A. Anders, and I. G. Brown pp. 701-703 Very broad vacuum arc ion and plasma sources with extended large area cathodes A. I. Ryabchikov, I. B. Stepanov, S. V. Dektjarev, E. I. Lukonin, and I. A. Shulepov pp. 704-706 Metal vapor vacuum arc ion source development at GSI H. Reich, P. Spädtke, and E. M. Oks pp. 707-709 Holey-plate ion source Yoshikazu Yoshida pp. 710-712 Improvement of microwave ion source for higher B + ion current M. Okada, N. Sakudo, K. Hayashi, N. Ikenaga, S. Okuji, T. Onogawa, T. Maesaka, Y. Nishiyama, M. Takahashi, S. Ito, and H. Ito pp. 713-715 Large-area ion source combining microwaves with inductively coupled plasma S. Okuji, N. Sakudo, K. Hayashi, M. Okada, T. Onogawa, T. Maesaka, Y.Nishiyama, K. Toyoda, S. Yashima, and T. Ishida pp. 716-718 Characteristics of ion beams extracted from a compact powdery sample ion source M. Wada, T. Kasuya, M. Sasao, and H. Kawano pp. 719-721 Nanobeam production with the multicusp ion source Y. Lee, Q. Ji, K. N. Leung, and N. Zahir pp. 722-724 Criterion for decrease of electric field at ionization point of liquid-metal ion sources Y. Gotoh, H. Tsuji, and J. Ishikawa pp. 725-727 Further development of a gaseous ion source based on low-pressure hollow cathode glow A. V. Vizir, G. Yu. Yushkov, and E. M. Oks pp. 728-730
ION SOURCES FOR VARIOUS KINDS OF APPLICATIONS

Electron energy distribution function in a Hall-type thruster () M. Bacal, V. Yu. Fedotov, G. Guerrini, A. A. Ivanov, and A. N.Vesselovzorov p. 731 Broad-beam modeling and experiments for electric spacecraft propulsion M. Tartz, E. Hartmann, R. Deltschew, and H. Neumann pp. 732-734 Magnetic field profile dependence of zirconium flux in sputtering ion sources T. Suzuki, Y. Kawai, T. Saburi, Y. Fujii, and N. Kitayama pp. 735-737 Steady state operation of an ampere-class hydrogen negative ion source Naoki Miyamoto, Yukio Fujiwara, Kenji Miyamoto, and Yoshikazu Okumura pp. 738-740 Recovery of cesium in the hydrogen negative ion sources Yu. I. Belchenko, Y. Oka, O. Kaneko, Y. Takeiri, A. S. Krivenko, M. Osakabe, K. Tsumori, E. Asano, T. Kawamoto, and R. Akiyama pp. 741-743 Neutral beams for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor T. Inoue, E. Di Pietro, P. L. Mondino, P. Bayetti, R. S. Hemsworth, P. Massmann, Y. Fujiwara, M. Hanada, K. Miyamoto, Y. Okumura, K. Watanabe, A. Krylov, V. Kulygin, and A. Panasenkov pp. 744-746 Computational studies on ion source plasmas of the neutral beam injection system M. Kashiwagi, S. Ido, and Y. Okumura pp. 747-750 Power flow in the negative-ion based neutral beam injection for JT-60 M. Kuriyama, N. Akino, N. Ebisawa, L. Grisham, S. Hikita, A. Honda, T. Itoh, M. Kawai, M. Kazawa, M. Kusaka, B. K. Mogaki, T. Ohga, Y. Okumura, H. Oohara, F. Satoh et al. pp. 751-754 Study of plasma uniformity on JT-60U negative ion source M. Kawai, L. Grisham, T. Itoh, M. Kazawa, M. Kuriyama, K. Mogaki, Y. Okumura, and K. Watanabe pp. 755-757 Alice ion source and its high voltage platform M. Cavenago and T. Kulevoy pp. 758-760 ATLAS 10 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source upgrade project D. P. Moehs, R. Vondrasek, R. C. Pardo, and D. Xie pp. 761-763 Ion source development for isotope separator on-line based radioactive nuclear beam facility at KEK-Tanashi S. C. Jeong, H. Ishiyama, Y. Ishida, H. Kawakami, H. Kawashima, H. Miyatake, S. Mizutani, M. Oyaizu, S. Takaku, E. Tojyo, N. Yoshikawa, M. Wada, I. Katayama, and T. Nomura pp. 764-766 Proton injector operational results on a high-power continuous-wave radio-frequency quadrupole accelerator Joseph D. Sherman, Gerald O. Bolme, Lash D. Hansborough, Thomas W. Hardek, Debora M. Kerstiens, Earl A. Meyer, J. David Schneider, H. Vernon Smith, Jr., Matthew W. Stettler, Ralph R. Stevens, Jr., Michael E. Thuot, Thomas J. Zaugg, Adrian A. Arvin, Alvin S. Bolt, Patrick H. Hegler et al. pp. 767-770 TRIPS: The high intensity proton source for the TRASCO project L. Celona, G. Ciavola, S. Gammino, R. Gobin, and R. Ferdinand pp. 771-773 Status report on electron cyclotron resonance ion source operation at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research) cyclotrons V. B. Kutner, S. L. Bogomolov, A. A. Efremov, A. N. Lebedev, V. N. Loginov, and N. Yu. Yazvitsky pp. 774-776 A plan for on-line production and acceleration of radioactive isotope beams by use of electron cyclotron resonance ion source NANOGAN K. Matsuta, M. Fukuda, M. Mihara, T. Minamisono, A. Mizobuchi, A. Kitagawa, T. Hattori, M. Sasaki, S. Kaminaka, K. Hashimoto, T. Tsubota, Y. Kobayashi, M. Sakamoto, and T. Sakurai pp. 777-779
APPLICATION OF ION SOURCES AND BEAMS

Molecular ion implanter equipped with liquid-metal alloy ion source Y. Gotoh, H. Tsuji, and J. Ishikawa pp. 780-782 High current and high intensity pulsed ion-beam sources for combined treatment of materials A. I. Ryabchikov, A. V. Petrov, I. B. Stepanov, B. I. A. Shulepov, and V. G. Tolmachjeva pp. 783-785 The L3A facility at the Vin [c-hacek] a Institute: Surface modification of materials, by heavy ion beams from an electron cyclotron resonance ion source A. Dobrosavljevi, M. Milosavljevi, N. Bibi, and A. Efremov pp. 786-788 Specific modification of polysulfone with cluster bombardment with assistance of Ar ion irradiation Guochun Xu, Y. Hibino, K. Awazu, M. Tanihara, and Y. Imanishi pp. 789-792 Theoretical analysis of the embedded layer formed by high-energy Au implantation into Si(II) S. T. Nakagawa, S. Nakano, H. Ogiso, M. Iwaki, M. Hashimoto, and W. Eckstein pp. 793-796 A negative ion beam application to artificial formation of neuron network in culture Hiroshi Tsuji, Hiroko Sato, Takahiro Baba, Yasuhito Gotoh, and Junzo Ishikawa pp. 797-799 Microwave plasma source for high current ion beam neutralization D. Korzec, A. Müller, and J. Engemann pp. 800-803 Negative-ion implanter for powders and its application to nanometer-sized metal particle formation in the surface of glass beads Hiroshi Tsuji, Shunsuke Kido, Hitoshi Sasaki, Yasuhito Gotoh, and Junzo Ishikawa pp. 804-806 High current injectors for heavy ion driven inertial fusion J. W. Kwan pp. 807-809
EBIS AND ION EXTRACTION

Electron beam ion sources in the reflex mode of operation (review and progress report) (invited) E. D. Donets pp. 810-815 Electron beam ion sources and traps (invited) Reinard Becker pp. 816-819 Simulation of ion extraction and beam transport (invited) P. Spädtke and C. Mühle pp. 820-825 Status of vacuum arc ion sources (invited)() Ian Brown p. 826 Pulsed vacuum-arc ion source operated with a "triggerless" arc initiation method A. Anders, J. Schein, and N. Qi pp. 827-829
PROTON ION SOURCES AND ECR SOURCES (III)

Status and new developments of the high intensity electron cyclotron resonance source light ion continuous wave, and p ulsed mode (invited) J.-M. Lagniel, P.-Y. Beauvais, D. Bogard, G. Bourdelle, G. Charruau, O. Delferričre, D. De Menezes, A. France, R. Ferdinand, Y. Gauthier, R. Gobin, F. Harrault, J.-L. Jannin, P.-A. Leroy, I. Yao et al. pp. 830-835 The Frankfurt 200 mA proton source R. Hollinger, P. Beller, K. Volk, M. Weber, and H. Klein pp. 836-838 Fundamental aspects of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources: From classical to large superconducting devices (invited) Denis Hitz, Gérard Melin, and Alain Girard pp. 839-845 Dynamic simulations of the interchange instability, ion production, and electron heating processes in an electron cyclotron resonance ion source plasma M. Niimura, M. Lamoureux, A. Goto, and Y. Yano pp. 846-849 Multicomponent consideration of electron fraction of electron-cyclotron resonance source plasma G. Shirkov pp. 850-852
POSTER SESSION B

FUNDAMENTAL PHENOMENA FOR ION SOURCES
Selection of the powdery metal hydride best for producing H - by thermal desorption H. Kawano, A. Tanaka, S. Sugimoto, T. Iseki, Y. Zhu, M. Wada, and M. Sasao pp. 853-855 Selection of the substrate metal best for thermal positive ionization H. Kawano, H. Mine, M. Moriyama, M. Tanigawa, and Y. Zhu pp. 856-858 Influence of electron injection on electron cyclotron resonance plasma properties and reflected mode electrons () V. P. Ovsyannikov, F. Ullmann, and G. Zschornack p. 859 Production of intense 48Ca ion beam at the U-400 cyclotron V. B. Kutner, S. L. Bogomolov, A. A. Efremov, A. N. Lebedev, V. Ya. Lebedev, V. N. Loginov, A. B. Yakushev, and N. Yu. Yazvitsky pp. 860-862 Effect of a biased probe on the afterglow operation of an ECR4 ion source C. E. Hill, D. Küchler, F. Wenander, and B. H. Wolf pp. 863-865 Comparison of electron cyclotron resonance plasma characteristics discharged by 7.0, 8.0, and 9.4 GHz Y. Kawai, T. Saburi, S-H. Kim, Y. Fujii, and T. Suzuki pp. 866-868 Production of highly charged ions in electron cyclotron resonance ion sources using an electrode in two modes S. Biri, L. Kenéz, A. Valek, T. Nakagawa, M. Kidera, and Y. Yano pp. 869-871 Increasing the space-charge limit and other effects of cesium seeding in hydrogen negative ion sources J. H. Whealton, M. Bacal, J. Bruneteau, and R. J. Raridon pp. 872-874 Beam instability excited by the magnetic filter Hiroshi Naitou, Kazuo Ohi, and Osamu Fukumasa pp. 875-876 Relation between vapor Cs and adsorbed Cs in H- ion source M. Ogasawara, T. Morishita, and A. Hatayama pp. 877-879 Numerical simulation of cesium cooling effects in H- ion source T. Morishita, M. Ogasawara, and A. Hatayama pp. 880-882 Monte Carlo simulation of negative ion production in the negative hydrogen ion source M. Uematsu, T. Morishita, A. Hatayama, T. Sakurabayashi, and M. Ogasawara pp. 883-886
NOVEL ION SOURCES

Theory and simulations of electron beam ion source in reflex mode E. D. Donets, E. E. Donets, and E. M. Syresin pp. 887-889 Compact electron-beam ion trap using NdFeB permanent magnets Kenji Motohashi, Akihiko Moriya, Hiroyuki Yamada, and Seiji Tsurubuchi pp. 890-892 Status of the Brookhaven National Laboratory high current electron beam ion source test stand E. Beebe, J. Alessi, S. Bellavia, A. Hershcovitch, A. Kponou, R.Lockey, A. Pikin, K. Prelec, P. Stein, B. G. Kuznetsov, and M. Tiunov pp. 893-895 A study of electron strings and their use for efficient production of highly charged ions E. D. Donets, D. E. Donets, E. E. Donets, V. V. Salnikov, V. B.Shutov, E. M. Syresin, M. Bjorkhage, P. Carle, L. Liljeby, K.-G.Rensfelt, R. Becker, M. Kleinod, and O. K. Kultashev pp. 896-898 Electron cyclotron resonance ion source for high currents of mono- and multicharged ion and general purpose unlimited lifetime application on implantation devices C. Bieth, J. L. Bouly, J. C. Curdy, S. Kantas, P. Sortais, P. Sole, and J. L. Vieux-Rochaz pp. 899-901 New improvements on the Kansas State University cryogenic electron beam ion source, a user facility for low energy, highly charged ions M. P. Stockli, K. Carnes, C. L. Cocke, B. D. DePaola, T. Ehrenreich, C. Fehrenbach, D. Fry, P. E. Gibson, S. Kelly, U. Lehnert, V. Needham, I. Reiser, P. Richard, T. N. Tipping, B. Walch et al. pp. 902-905 Magnetic field modification of 18 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute W. Yokota, Y. Saitoh, T. Nara, Y. Ishii, and K. Arakawa pp. 906-908 Design of electron cyclotron resonance ion source using liquid-helium-free superconducting solenoid coils Tetsuro Kurita, Takahide Nakagawa, Takeo Kawaguchi, and Sang-Moo Lee pp. 909-911 Time resolved experiments at the Frankfurt 14 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source S. Runkel, O. Hohn, K. E. Stiebing, A. Schempp, H. Schmidt-Böcking, V. Mironov, and G. Shirkov pp. 912-914 Progress report on the mVINIS ion source A. Dobrosavljevi, A. Efremov, I. Dragani, S.Deki, and T. Stalevski pp. 915-917 Influence of the secondary electrons emitted by a cylindrical metal-dielectric structure on the Frankfurt 14 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source performances L. Schächter, K. E. Stiebing, S. Dobrescu, Al. I. Badescu-Singureanu, S. Runkel, O. Hohn, L. Schmidt, A. Schempp, and H. Schmidt-Böcking pp. 918-920 Tornado-type closed magnetic trap for an electron cyclotron resonance ion source K. B. Abramova, A. N. Smirnov, A. V. Voronin, and V. G. Zorin pp. 921-923 Status of the CO2 laser ion source at CERN P. Fournier, G. Grégoire, H. Kugler, H. Haseroth, N. Lisi, C. Meyer, P. Ostroumov, J.-C. Schnuriger, R. Scrivens, D. F. Varela Rodriguez, B. H. Wolf, S. Homenko, K. Makarov, E. Y. Satov, A. Stepanov et al. pp. 924-926 Properties of iodine laser-produced stream of multiply charged heavy ions of different elements L. Láska, J. Krása, K. Ma [ess with caron] ek, M. Pfeifer, K. Rohlena, B. Králiková, J. Skála, E. Woryna, P. Parys, J. Wolowski, W. Mróz, B. Sharkov, and H. Haseroth pp. 927-930 Energetic-multiple-charged-ion sources on short-laser-pulse irradiated foils A. Zhidkov, A. Sasaki, and T. Tajima pp. 931-934 Electron cyclotron resonance negative ion source Osamu Fukumasa and Masanori Matsumori pp. 935-938 Development of large radio frequency driven negative ion sources for fusion O. Vollmer, H. Falter, P. Frank, B. Heinemann, W. Kraus, P. Massmann, P. McNeely, R. Riedl, E. Speth, R. Trainham, and R. Wilhelm pp. 939-942 Feasibility study of a new negative ion source using a transformer coupled plasma source Y. S. Hwang and G. H. Lee pp. 943-945 Efficiency and transient time studies of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source for radioactive ion beam production at ISAC/TRIUMF K. Jayamanna, D. Yuan, D. Bishop, D. Dale, M. Dombsky, T. Kuo, S. Kadantsev, R. Keitel, D. Louie, M. McDonald, M. Olivo, P. Schmor, and E. Stuber pp. 946-948
ION SOURCES FOR VARIOUS KINDS OF APPLICATIONS

Laser produced Ag ions for direct implantation E. Woryna, J. Wolowski, B. Králiková, J. Krása, L. Láska, M. Pfeifer, K. Rohlena, J. Skála, V. Pe [r-hacek] ina, F. P. Boody, R. Höpfl, and H. Hora pp. 949-951 High-current microwave ion source for wide-energy-range O + ion implantation K. Tokiguchi, T. Seki, J. Ito, T. Sato, and K. Mera pp. 952-954 Production of Ce negative ions in a Cs sputter ion source Y. Saitoh, B. Yotsombat, K. Mizuhashi, and S. Tajima pp. 955-957 Profile control of the large area ribbon beam ion source using 500 MHz ultrahigh frequency discharge Shigeki Sakai, Masato Takahashi, and Masayasu Tanjyo pp. 958-959 Change of diborane ion species depending on the magnitude of magnetic field using 100 MHz very high frequency discharge Shigeki Sakai, Masato Takahashi, and Masayasu Tanjyo pp. 960-962 Development of high intensity deuteron ion source for the fusion intense neutron source M. Kinsho, M. Sugimoto, M. Seki, H. Oguri, and Y. Okumura pp. 963-965 Experiments with a microwave plasma as a cathode for cold or hot reflex discharge ion source G. Cojocaru pp. 966-968 High-current ion source development for the Korea Multipurpose Accelerator Complex Y. S. Cho, B. H. Choi, I. S. Hong, and Y. S. Hwang pp. 969-971 Status of the HIMAC pulsed Penning source T. Miyata, H. Sakamoto, M. Yamamoto, T. Okada, C. Kobayasi, Y. Honda, T. Fujimoto, W. Takasugi, D. T. Yokoyama, Y. Kageyama, T. Fukusima, H. Ogawa, H. Fujiwara, M. Muramatsu, A. Kitagawa et al. pp. 972-974 Development of a H- ion source for the high intensity proton linac at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute H. Oguri, T. Tomisawa, M. Kinsho, Y. Okumura, and M. Mizumoto pp. 975-977 Commissioning and initial operation of a radioactive beam ion source at ISAC M. Dombsky, D. Bishop, P. Bricault, D. Dale, A. Hurst, K. Jayamanna, R. Keitel, M. Olivo, P. Schmor, and G. Stanford pp. 978-980 Optimization of the radial magnetic field of an 18 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu, M. Sekiguchi, S. Yamada, K. Jincho, T. Okada, M. Yamamoto, S. Biri, and K. Uno pp. 981-983 Development of the compact electron cyclotron resonance ion source for heavy-ion therapy M. Muramatsu, A. Kitagawa, S. Sato, Y. Sato, S. Yamada, T. Hattori, and S. Shibuya pp. 984-986 Performance test of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources for the Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center K. Sawada, J. Sawada, T. Sakata, K. Uno, K. Okanishi, H. Harada, A. Itano, A. Higashi, T. Akagi, S. Yamada, K. Noda, M. Torikoshi, and A. Kitagawa pp. 987-989 Compact injector with alternating phase focusing-interdigital H-mode linac and superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source for heavy ion cancer therapy Noriyosu Hayashizaki, Toshiyuki Hattori, Shinjiro Matsui, Hiromitsu Tomizawa, Toru Yoshida, Katsushi Isokawa, Atsushi Kitagawa, Masayuki Muramatsu, Satoru Yamada, and Masahiro Okamura pp. 990-992
APPLICATION OF ION SOURCES AND BEAMS

Initial growth temperature of crystalline SiC by simultaneous irradiation of energetic 28Si- and 12C + Nobuteru Tsubouchi, Akiyoshi Chayahara, Atsushi Kinomura, and Yuji Horino pp. 993-995 Preparation of giant magnetostrictive thin film by magnetron and ion beam sputtering processes K. Nakazato, M. Hashimoto, H. Uchida, and Y. Matsumura pp. 996-998 MgO thin film formation by ion enhanced deposition processes M. Hashimoto, Y. Onozaki, H. Uchida, and Y. Matsumura pp. 999-1001 Application of compact microwave ion source to low temperature growth of transition metal nitride thin ilms for vacuum microelectronics devices Y. Gotoh, H. Tsuji, and J. Ishikawa pp. 1002-1005 Experimental study of three-dimensional microfabrication by focused ion beam technology Fu Yongqi, Ngoi Kok, Ann Bryan, N. P. Hung, and Ong Nan Shing pp. 1006-1008 Calibration of etching uniformity for large aperture multilevel diffractive optical element by ion beam etching Yongqi Fu, Ngoi Kok Ann Bryan, and Ong Nan Shing pp. 1009-1011 Sputtering and thermal effect during ion microbeam patterning of polymeric films A. M. Ektessabi and T. Sano pp. 1012-1015
ION SOURCES FOR IMPLANTATION AND SURFACE MODIFICATION

Microwave ion sources for industrial applications (invited) N. Sakudo pp. 1016-1022 Ion sources for large area processing (invited) M. Naito, Y. Ando, Y. Inouchi, H. Tanaka, and N. Miyamoto pp. 1023-1028 Radio frequency linear ion beam source with 6 cm×66 cm beam D. Siegfried, B. Buchholtz, D. Burtner, and W. Foster pp. 1029-1031
NEGATIVE ION SOURCES AND ION SOURCES FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

The production and use of ultralow energy ion beams R. D. Goldberg, D. G. Armour, J. A. van den Berg, C. E. A. Cook, S. Whelan, S. Zhang, N. Knorr, M. A. Foad, and H. Ohno pp. 1032-1035 Applications of heavy-negative-ion sources for materials science (invited) Junzo Ishikawa pp. 1036-1041 A 2.45 GHz microwave negative hydrogen ion source A. Takagi and Y. Mori pp. 1042-1044 Intense pulsed ion beam sources for industrial applications W. J. Zhao, G. E. Remnev, S. Yan, M. S. Opekounov, X. Y. Le, V. M. Matvienko, B. X. Han, J. M. Xue, and Y. G. Wang pp. 1045-1048
MISCELLANEOUS ION SOURCES AND BEAM TRANSPORT

Ion source of multiply charged C60 fullerene and fullerene linear accelerator Toshiyuki Hattori, Noriyosu Hayashizaki, Shinjirou Matsui, Hiromitsu Tomizawa, Toru Yoshida, Stephen John Gates, Kimikazu Sasa, Satoshi Majima, Katsushi Isokawa, Takashi Ito, Masahiro Okamura, and Satoru Yamada pp. 1049-1051 Effects of indirect ionization on the charge state distributions observed with highly charged ion sources M. P. Stockli, U. Lehnert, R. Becker, O. Delferriere, Th. Gebel, F. Ullmann, N. Kobayashi, and J. Matsumoto pp. 1052-1055
ION SOURCES FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS AND LASER ION SOURCES

Medical accelerators in Japan (invited) F. Soga pp. 1056-1060 Status report on electron cyclotron resonance ion sources at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu, M. Sekiguchi, S. Yamada, K. Jincho, T. Okada, M. Yamamoto, T. Hattori, S. Biri, R. Baskaran, T. Sakata, K. Sawada, and K. Uno pp. 1061-1063
NEGATIVE ION SOURCES FOR ACCELERATORS AND FUSION (I)

The application and status of the radio frequency driven multi-cusp ion source (invited) Ka-Ngo Leung pp. 1064-1068 Negative ion sources for high energy accelerators (invited) J. Peters pp. 1069-1074 Performance of the NANOGUNTM electron cyclotron resonance ion source applied for nuclear astrophysics T. Itahashi, K. Kudomi, K. Kume, K. Takahisa, S. Yoshida, H. Ejiri, H.Toki, Y. Nagai, H. Ohsumi, M. Komori, and K. Yamasaki pp. 1075-1078 Hydrogen negative ion source with LaB6 inserts Yu. I. Belchenko, G. I. Kuznetsov, and E. A. Grigoryev pp. 1079-1081 Effect of cesium and xenon seeding in negative hydrogen ion sources M. Bacal, A. M. Bruneteau, C. Deniset, L. I. Elizarov, F. Sube, A. Y. Tontegode, and J. H. Whealton pp. 1082-1085
POSTER SESSION C

FUNDAMENTAL PHENOMENA FOR ION SOURCES
Some consequences to ion source behavior of high plasma drift velocity I. G. Brown, O. R. Monteiro, M. M. M. Bilek, M. Keidar, E. M. Oks, and A. Vizir pp. 1086-1089 Bipolar extraction neutralization: Time resolved characterization D. Korzec, R. Dahlhaus, and J. Engemann pp. 1090-1093 Numerical simulation and optimization of multicomponent ion beam from RIKEN electron cyclotron resonance ion sources V. Alexandrov, T. Nakagawa, V. Shevtsov, and G. Shirkov pp. 1094-1096 Aberrations due to solenoid focusing of a multiply charged high-current ion beam F. Grégoire, H. Kugler, N. Lisi, J.-C. Schnuriger, G. R. Scrivens, and J. Tambini pp. 1097-1099 Calibration of the Galileo microchannel plates with the Xe2+-Xe13+ and C2+-C6+ ions in the energy range from 0.5 to 150 keV/q () W. Mróz, M. P. Stöckli, D. Fry, A. Prokopiuk, and B. Walch p. 1100 Energy analysis of negative hydrogen ions using detached electrons M. Takahashi, M. Yoshimoto, K. Shinto, A. Takagi, K. Ikegami, and Y.Mori pp. 1101-1103 A comparative study of emittance measurements using different techniques M. Hamabe, T. Kuroda, M. Sasao, M. Nishiura, M. Wada, and S. K. Guharay pp. 1104-1106 Time resolving diagnostic of the compensation process of pulsed ion beams at high-intensity light ion source A. Jakob, P-Y. Beauvais, R. Gobin, H. Klein, J-L. LeMaire, B. P-A. LeRoy,and J. Pozimski pp. 1107-1109
NOVEL ION SOURCES

Beam extraction from a compact Ku-band electron cyclotron resonance ion source with double resonance modes E. Tojyo, M. Oyaizu, S. C. Jeong, H. Ishiyama, Y. Ishida, H. Kawakami, H. Miyatake, I. Katayama, and T. Nomura pp. 1110-1112 Design of a small electron cyclotron resonance ion source with partially pulsed magnetic field M. Oyaizu, E. Tojyo, S. C. Jeong, H. Ishiyama, H. Miyatake, Y. Ishida,H. Kawakami, I. Katayama, and T. Nomura pp. 1113-1115 Electron cyclotron resonance ion trap: A hybrid magnetic system with very high mirror ratio for highly charged ion production and trapping S. Biri, L. Simons, and D. Hitz pp. 1116-1118 Preliminary tests for the electron cyclotron resonance ion source coupled to a laser ion source for charge state enhancement experiment S. Gammino, G. Ciavola, L. Torrisi, L. Celona, J. Wolowski, E. Woryna, P. Parys, L. Lŕska, J. Krŕsa, and G. D. Shirkov pp. 1119-1121 Energy distribution of negative carbon ion beam extracted from a plasma-sputter-type negative ion source H. Oomori, T. Kasuya, M. Wada, Y. Horino, and N. Tsubouchi pp. 1122-1124 Negative ion beam production by a microwave ion source equipped with a magnetically separated double plasma cell system M. Tanaka and K. Amemiya pp. 1125-1127 Ion bombardment-type high frequency metal ion source for compact ion beam deposition apparatus Mutsuo Yamashita pp. 1128-1130 Ion energy width of a dc metal arc plasma under high vacuum Moritake Tamba and Hiroshi Amemiya pp. 1131-1133 Improvement of the lifetime of radio frequency antenna for plasma generation J. Reijonen, M. Eardley, R. Gough, R. Keller, K. Leung, R. Thomae, D.Pickard, and M. D. Williams pp. 1134-1136 Beam diagnostics extracted from radio frequency driven ion source M. E. Abdelaziz, S. G. Zakhary, and M. S. Ragheb pp. 1137-1139
ION SOURCES FOR VARIOUS KINDS OF APPLICATIONS

Discharge characteristics of a long pulse ion source for the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research neutral beam system B. H. Oh, K. R. Kim, and B. H. Choi pp. 1140-1143 Development of a steady-state microwave ion source with large spherical electrodes for geometrical focusing T. Kawakami, T. Shimada, T. Yonezawa, Y. Ueda, and M. Nishikawa pp. 1144-1147 Investigation of a radio frequency-driven multicusp ion source of the diagnostic neutral beam for the Hanbit device at Korea Basic Science Institute H. L. Yang, S. J. Yoo, S. M. Hwang, and K. H. Chung pp. 1148-1150 Comparison of H-/D- measurement in the magnetically filtered region of the large negative ion source M. Hamabe, Y. Oka, M. Osakabe, Y. Takeiri, K. Tsumori, and O. Kaneko pp. 1151-1153 Calculations of stray electron trajectory for designing negative ion accelerators of neutral beam injector Shiro Asano, Toshihisa Okuyama, Yasuo Suzuki, and Osamu Kaneko pp. 1154-1156 Production of organosilicon ions for SiC epitaxy Masato Kiuchi, Takashi Matsumoto, Kazuhiko Mimoto, Takae Takeuchi, and Seiichi Goto pp. 1157-1159 Compact microwave ion source for extremely low energy ion irradiation system Y. Gotoh, H. Kubo, H. Tsuji, and J. Ishikawa pp. 1160-1162 Ion source for ion beam deposition employing a novel electrode assembly A. V. Hayes, V. Kanarov, R. Yevtukhov, H. Hegde, B. Druz, D. Yakovlevitch, W. Cheesman, and V. Mirkov pp. 1163-1167 Development and properties of a Freeman-type hybrid ion source T. Matsumoto, K. Mimoto, S. Goto, M. Ohba, Y. Agawa, and M. Kiuchi pp. 1168-1170 Development of a compact multicusp ion source of He + M. Nishiura, M. Sasao, M. Wada, M. Hamabe, T. Kuroda, and S. K. Guharay pp. 1171-1173 Prolongation of a filament lifetime using SF6 plasma method Kiyonori Ohkoshi, Yuichi Saitoh, Tomihiro Kamiya, Takuro Sakai, and Satoshi Tajima pp. 1174-1176 Design and performance of a versatile, cost-effective microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma source for surface and thin film processing R. Anton, Th. Wiegner, W. Naumann, M. Liebmann, Chr. Klein, and Chr. Bradley pp. 1177-1180 A 13.56 MHz multicusp ion source for high intensity Ar beam D. Boonyawan, N. Chirapatpimol, N. Sanguansak, and T. Vilaithong pp. 1181-1183 Carbon shunting arc and its induced plasma Ken Yukimura, Kenji Yoshioka, and Yuji Tani pp. 1184-1186 Model for ion extraction from pulsed plasma source for plasma based ion implantation (PBII) Sadao Masamune and Ken Yukimura pp. 1187-1190 Matching the injected ion beam into an rf Linac for a high-energy, high-current ion implanter Kourosh Saadatmand pp. 1191-1193 Measurement of the four-dimensional transverse emittance of an ion beam Issam Zeinoun, Victor Benveniste, Kourosh Saadatmand, and David Swenson pp. 1194-1196 Study of ion source emittance of an ELS-PIG source used for ion implantation D. R. Swenson, K. Saadatmand, and I. Zeinoun pp. 1197-1199
APPLICATION OF ION SOURCES AND BEAMS

Electron cyclotron resonance light source assembly-A vacuum-ultraviolet radiation source based on an electron cyclotron resonance plasma P. Grübling, J. Hollandt, and G. Ulm pp. 1200-1202 Studies on enhancement of x-ray flux in the compact electron cyclotron resonance plasma x-ray source R. Baskaran and T. S. Selvakumaran pp. 1203-1205 Production of multiply charged ion target for photoionization studies using synchrotron radiation Masaki Oura, Hitoshi Yamaoka, Kiyoshi Kawatsura, Tatsuji Hayaishi, Junichi Kimata, Takao M. Kojima, Masahiro Kimura, Tsuguhisa Sekioka, and Mititaka Terasawa pp. 1206-1209 Beam optics in inertial electrostatic confinement fusion Masami Ohnishi, Chikara Hoshino, Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Kai Masuda, And Yasushi Yamamoto pp. 1210-1212 Measurements on H- sources for spallation neutron source application R. Thomae, R. Gough, R. Keller, M. Leitner, K. Leung, D. Meyer, and M. Williams pp. 1213-1215 Development of a high-current laser ion source for induction accelerators M. Yoshida, J. Hasegawa, S. Fukata, Y. Oguri, M. Ogawa, M. Nakajima, K. Horioka, and M. Shiho pp. 1216-1218
NEGATIVE ION SOURCES FOR FUSION (II)

Negative hydrogen ion source for TOKAMAK neutral beam injector (invited) Y. Okumura, Y. Fujiwara, M. Kashiwagi, T. Kitagawa, K. Miyamoto, T. Morishita, M. Hanada, T. Takayanagi, M. Taniguchi, and K. Watanabe pp. 1219-1224 Negative hydrogen ion source development for large helical device neutral beam injector (invited) Y. Takeiri, O. Kaneko, K. Tsumori, Y. Oka, M. Osakabe, K. Ikeda, E. Asano, T. Kawamoto, and R. Akiyama pp. 1225-1230 Hydrogen negative ion beam acceleration in a multiaperture five-stage electrostatic accelerator K. Watanabe, Y. Fujiwara, M. Hanada, M. Kashiwagi, T. Kitagawa, K. Miyamoto, T. Morishita, Y. Okumura, T. Takayanagi, and M. Taniguchi pp. 1231-1233
NEGATIVE ION SOURCES FOR FUSION (III)

Parametric study of negative ion production in cesium seeded hydrogen plasmas Osamu Fukumasa and Hideki Monji pp. 1234-1236 Optically pumped polarized H- ion source for RHIC spin project Y. Mori, K. Ikegami, A. Takagi, A. N. Zelenski, G. Dutto, S. Kadantsev, C. D. P. Levy, G. W. Wight, J. Alessi, and M. Okamura pp. 1237-1239